Chapter 9        Memory          (CR7, CR15, CR16)

Chapter 9 Objectives:

1. Describe memory in terms of information processing, and distinguish between sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

2. Distinguish between automatic and effortful processing, and discuss the importance of rehearsal.

3. Explain the importance of meaning, imagery, and organization in the encoding process.

4. Describe the limited nature of sensory and short-term memory.

5. Describe the capacity and duration of long-term memory, and discuss the biological changes that may underlie memory formation and storage.

6. Distinguish between implicit and explicit memory, and identify the different brain structures associated with each.

7. Contrast recall, recognition, and relearning measures of memory.

8. Describe the importance of retrieval cues and the impact of environmental contexts and internal emotional states on retrieval.

9. Explain why the capacity to forget can be beneficial, and discuss the role of encoding failure and storage decay in the process of forgetting.

10. Explain what is meant by retrieval failure, and discuss the effects of interference and motivated forgetting on retrieval.

11. Describe the evidence for the constructive nature of memory and the impact of imagination and leading questions on eyewitness recall.

12. Discuss the difficulties in discerning true memories from false ones and the reliability of children’s eyewitness recall.

13. Discuss the controversy over reports of repressed and recovered memories of childhood sexual abuse.

14. Explain how an understanding of memory can contribute to effective study techniques.