The influence of schemas on our interpretations of ambiguous sensations best illustrates:
shape constancy.
top-down processing.
visual capture.
the phi phenomenon.
extrasensory perception.
Concluding her presentation on sensation and perception, Kelly notes that:
sensation is bottom-up processing.
perception is top-down processing.
a. and b. are both true.
sensation and perception blend into one continuous process.
The perceived size of an object is most strongly influenced by that object's perceived:
shape.
color.
distance.
motion.
When the traffic light changed from red to green, the drivers on both sides of Leon's vehicle pulled quickly forward, giving Leon the disorienting feeling that his car was rolling backwards. Which principle explains Leon's misperception?
relative motion
continuity
visual capture
proximity
The phi phenomenon refers to:
the tendency for visual information to dominate other types of sensory information.
the perception of movement created by the successive blinking of adjacent lights.
the ability to adjust to an artificially displaced visual field.
the tendency to fill in gaps so as to perceive disconnected parts as a whole object.
The tendency to perceive hazy objects as being at a distance is known as ________. This is a ________ depth cue.
linear perspective; binocular
linear perspective; monocular
relative clarity; binocular
relative clarity; monocular
Regina claims that she can bend spoons, levitate furniture, and perform many other "mind over matter" feats. Regina apparently believes she has the power of:
telepathy.
clairvoyance.
precognition.
psychokinesis.
________ processing refers to how our knowledge and expectations influence perception.
Top-down
Bottom-up
Parapsychological
Human factors
The perceptual tendency to fill in gaps in order to perceive disconnected parts as a whole object is called:
interposition.
constancy.
closure.
continuity.
convergence.
In the absence of perceptual constancy:
objects would appear to change size as their distance from us changed.
depth perception would be based exclusively on monocular cues.
depth perception would be based exclusively on binocular cues.
depth perception would be impossible.
Who emphasized that perceptual understanding comes from inborn ways of organizing sensory experience?
Kant
Aristotle
Locke
Freud
When observing buffalo, the African Pygmy Kenge failed to experience size constancy. This best serves to support the view of perception advanced by the philosopher:
Plato.
Kant.
Descartes.
Liebnitz.
Locke.
Which of the following was NOT mentioned in the text as a criticism of parapsychology?
ESP effects have not been consistently reproducible.
Parapsychology has suffered from a number of frauds and hoaxes.
The tendency of people to recall only events that confirm their expectations accounts for much of the belief in ESP.
There have been no laboratory-controlled studies of ESP.
According to the principle of light and shadow, if one of two identical objects reflects more light to your eyes it will be perceived as:
larger.
smaller.
farther away.
nearer.
The principles of continuity and closure best illustrate that:
sensations are organized into meaningful patterns.
perception is the direct product of sensation.
cultural experiences shape perception.
visual information is especially likely to capture our attention.
Which philosopher maintained that knowledge comes from inborn ways of organizing our sensory experiences?
Gibson
Walk
Neisser
The fact that a white object under dim illumination appears lighter than a gray object under bright illumination is called:
relative luminance.
perceptual adaptation.
color contrast.
lightness constancy.
Of two identical horizontal bars in the Ponzo illusion, the ________ bar appears to be ________ because it appears to be farther away:
higher; shorter
lower; shorter
higher; longer
lower; longer
The sequentially flashing Christmas tree lights appeared to generate pulsating waves of motion. This best illustrates:
relative motion.
retinal disparity.
When the soundtrack for a movie is played in the back of a classroom, students tend to perceive the sound as originating from the picture screen in the front of the room. This best illustrates:
location constancy.
selective attention.
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