For several months following a sudden and unexpected divorce, Henry was excessively preoccupied with thoughts of his ex-wife. His reaction resulted from the disruption of:
a critical period.
habituation.
accommodation.
object permanence.
attachment.
The ratio of males to females first begins declining during:
prenatal development.
infancy.
childhood.
adolescence.
adulthood.
Compared with adults from Western cultures that favor individualism, those from communal societies are LESS likely to develop ________ morality.
preconventional
postconventional
concrete operational
conventional
preoperational
According to Piaget, during the formal operational stage people begin to:
reason abstractly.
adhere to social norms.
distinguish between good and bad behaviors.
become aware of the positive and negative consequences of their own behaviors.
Which of the following was NOT found by Harlow in socially deprived monkeys?
They had difficulty mating.
They showed extreme fear or aggression when first seeing other monkeys.
They showed abnormal physical development.
The females were abusive mothers.
The corrupt behavior of many ordinary people who served as Nazi concentration camp guards best illustrates that immorality often results from:
social influence.
crystallized intelligence.
abnormal cognitive development.
postconventional moral thinking.
Underlying Alzheimer's disease is a deterioration in neurons that produce:
epinephrine.
norepinephrine.
serotonin.
acetylcholine.
dopamine.
Despite their poor memories of early life experiences, 11-month-olds are still capable of:
imitating actions they observe others perform three months earlier.
remembering the trauma of their own birth.
retaining lifelong memories of sexual abuse.
all the above.
Four-year-old Jennifer mistakenly believes that her mother would like to receive a toy doll as a Christmas present. This best illustrates Piaget's concept of:
conservation.
egocentrism.
A person's general ability to think abstractly is called ________ intelligence. This ability generally ________ with age.
fluid; increases
fluid; decreases
crystallized; decreases
crystallized; increases
Sam, a junior in high school, regularly attends church because his family and friends think he should. Which stage of moral reasoning is Sam in?
too little information to tell
Which is the correct order of stages of prenatal development?
zygote, fetus, embryo
zygote, embryo, fetus
embryo, zygote, fetus
embryo, fetus, zygote
fetus, embryo, zygote
Parents who are demanding and yet sensitively responsive to their children are said to be:
authoritarian.
accommodating.
egocentric.
permissive.
authoritative.
The development of expertise in specific academic disciplines most clearly illustrates:
autonomy.
maturation.
concrete operational thought.
According to Erikson, achieving a sense of identity is the special task of the:
toddler.
preschooler.
elementary school child.
adolescent.
In considering day-care opportunities for their four children, Mr. and Mrs. Taylor should be most concerned about whether the experience will influence:
egocentrism in their 3-year-old son, James.
object permanence in their 2-year-old son, Billy.
secure attachment in their 6-month-old daughter, Julia.
self-esteem in their 4-year-old daughter, Sandra.
Compared to 30 years ago, American men today are marrying at a(n) ________ age and American women are marrying at a(n) ________ age.
younger; older
older; younger
older; older
younger; younger
Instead of happily exploring the attractive toys located in the pediatrician's waiting room, little Sandra tenaciously clings to her mother's skirt. Sandra most clearly shows signs of:
insecure attachment.
the rooting reflex.
Cross-sectional research indicated that during early and middle adulthood, aging is associated with ________ levels of verbal intelligence. Longitudinal research indicated that during this same period of life, aging is associated with ________ levels of verbal intelligence.
increasing; declining
declining; increasing
increasing; increasing
declining; declining
Compared to when he was younger, 4-year-old Antonio is better able to empathize with his friend's feelings. This growing ability to take another's perspective indicates that Antonio is acquiring a:
self-concept.
schema.
temperament.
theory of mind.
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