If a genetically based attraction to beautiful people contributes to survival, that trait will likely be passed on to subsequent generations. This best illustrates:
gender typing.
natural selection.
behavior genetics.
gender schema theory.
Of the following, parents are most likely to influence their children's:
temperament.
personality.
faith.
emotional reactivity.
Heritability refers to the extent to which:
unrelated individuals share common genes.
genetic mutations can be transmitted to one's offspring.
trait differences among individuals are attributable to genetic variations.
the psychological traits of parents are shared by their children.
The heritability of a specific trait will be greatest among genetically ________ individuals who have been raised in ________ environments.
similar; similar
similar; dissimilar
dissimilar; similar
dissimilar; dissimilar
A pair of adopted children or identical twins reared in the same home are most likely to have similar:
temperaments.
personalities.
religious beliefs.
To say that the heritability of a trait is approximately 50 percent means that:
genes are responsible for 50 percent of the trait in an individual, and the environment is responsible for the rest.
the trait's appearance in a person will reflect approximately equal genetic contributions from both parents.
of the variation in the trait within a group of people, 50 percent can be attributed to genes.
all of the above are correct.
Gender refers to:
the biological and social definition of male and female.
the biological definition of male and female.
one's sense of being male or female.
the extent to which one exhibits traditionally male or female traits.
A behavior geneticist would be most interested in studying hereditary influences on:
skin color.
sexual anatomy.
physical attractiveness.
personality traits.
Cultural diversity best illustrates our:
human temperaments.
erotic plasticity.
capacity to learn.
Chad, who grew up in the United States, is more likely to encourage ________ in his future children than Asian-born Hidiyaki, who is more likely to encourage ________ in his future children.
obedience; independence
independence; emotional closeness
emotional closeness; obedience
loyalty; emotional closeness
A person whose twin has Alzheimer's disease has ________ risk of sharing the disease if they are identical twins than if they are fraternal twins.
less
about the same
much greater
It is unpredictable.
Evolutionary explanations of gender differences in sexuality have been criticized for:
being "after-the-fact" explanations.
reinforcing male-female stereotypes.
underestimating cultural influences on sexuality.
all of the above reasons.
The fertilized egg will develop into a boy if, at conception:
the sperm contributes an X chromosome.
the sperm contributes a Y chromosome.
the egg contributes an X chromosome.
the egg contributes a Y chromosome.
For children from impoverished environments, stimulating educational experiences during early childhood are most likely to:
facilitate the development of nucleotides.
decrease their emotional attachment to their own parents.
have no discernable effect on subsequent academic performance.
prevent the degeneration of activated connections between neurons.
Evolutionary psychologists attribute gender differences in attitudes toward casual sex to the fact that men have ________ than do women.
larger bodies
stronger gender identity
a weaker sense of empathy
greater reproductive potential
Compared with women, men are more likely to:
initiate sexual activity.
express permissive attitudes regarding sexual activity.
comply with direct requests for casual sex.
do all the above.
According to evolutionary psychologists, behaviors that promote reproductive success are likely to be:
socially prohibited
genetically predisposed.
ecologically disruptive.
disease-producing.
Adopted children raised in the same family are not especially likely to have similar personality traits. This most clearly implies that we should be cautious about attributing personality to:
genetic predisposition.
parental influence.
gender differences.
peer influence.
Which of the following most accurately summarizes the findings of the 40-year fox-breeding study described in the text?
Wild wolves cannot be domesticated.
"Survival of the fittest" seems to operate only when animals live in their natural habitats.
By mating aggressive and unaggressive foxes, the researchers created a mutant species.
By selecting and mating the tamest males and females, the researchers have produced affectionate, unaggressive offspring.
When his son cries when another child takes his favorite toy, Brandon admonishes him by saying, "Big boys don't cry." Evidently, Brandon is an advocate of ________ in accounting for the development of gender-linked behaviors.
gender schema theory
gender identity theory
gender-typing theory
social learning theory
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