Based on research, which of the following seems true about the specialized functions of the right and left hemispheres?
They are more clear-cut in men than in women.
They are more clear-cut in women than in men.
Most complex tasks emerge from the activity of one or the other hemisphere.
Most complex activities emerge from the integrated activity of both hemispheres.
Which of the following is NOT true regarding brain organization and handedness?
If a person has a left-handed identical twin, odds are that he or she will also be left-handed.
Right-handedness is far more common than left-handedness throughout the world.
On average, right-handers live longer than left-handers.
Left-handers are more common than usual among people with reading disabilities.
With age, the percentage of left-handers declines dramatically.
Auditory stimulation is first processed in the ________ lobes.
occipital
temporal
frontal
parietal
Parkinson's disease involves:
the death of nerve cells that produce a vital neurotransmitter.
impaired function in the right hemisphere only.
impaired function in the left hemisphere only.
excess production of the neurotransmitters dopamine and acetylcholine.
If Dr. Rogers wishes to conduct an experiment on the effects of stimulating the reward centers of a rat's brain, he should insert an electrode into the:
thalamus.
sensory cortex.
hypothalamus.
corpus callosum.
Compared with right-handers, left-handers are ________ likely to experience headaches and ________ likely to suffer from asthma.
more; less
less; more
more; more
less; less
In a tragic diving accident, Andrew damaged his spinal cord and consequently suffered paralysis of his legs. Andrew's injury was located in his:
somatic nervous system.
limbic system.
sympathetic nervous system.
central nervous system.
The person most likely to suggest that the shape of a person's skull indicates the extent to which that individual is argumentative and aggressive would be a:
neurologist.
behavior geneticist.
psychoanalyst.
phrenologist.
Which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex?
thalamus
amygdala
medulla
hippocampus
cerebellum
Which component of the limbic system plays an essential role in the formation of new memories?
hypothalamus
In a resting state, the axon is:
depolarized, with mostly negatively charged ions outside and positively charged ions inside.
depolarized, with mostly positively charged ions outside and negatively charged ions inside.
polarized, with mostly negatively charged ions outside and positively charged ions inside.
polarized, with mostly positively charged ions outside and negatively charged ions inside.
Jessica experienced difficulty keeping her balance after receiving a blow to the back of her head. It is likely that she injured her:
medulla.
cerebellum.
cerebrum.
Which lobes of the brain receive the input that enables you to feel someone scratching your back?
The body's natural production of endorphins is likely to be ________ by heroin use and ________ by acupuncture.
increased; increased
decreased; decreased
increased; decreased
decreased; increased
Neurosurgeons have severed the corpus callosum in human patients in order to reduce:
aphasia.
epileptic seizures.
depression.
neural plasticity.
reward deficiency syndrome.
If a neurosurgeon directly stimulated parts of your sensory cortex, which of the following would you most likely experience?
indistinct odors
flashes of light
repetitive sounds
a sense of being touched
Dopamine injections have proven ineffective in the treatment of Parkinson's disease because dopamine:
fails to pass through the bloodstream into the brain.
suppresses the brain's natural capacity to produce endorphins.
blocks the capacity of neurons to absorb ACh.
produces uncontrollable muscle spasms.
Research on left-handedness suggests that:
genes or prenatal factors play a role in handedness.
a greater proportion of women than men are left-handed.
left-handers generally demonstrate less artistic competence than right-handers.
most left-handers process language primarily in their right hemisphere.
The reuptake of a neurotransmitter such as serotonin would involve the reabsorption of serotonin into a(n):
axon terminal.
receiving neuron.
myelin sheath.
glial cell.
The reticular formation is located in the:
brainstem.
somatosensory cortex.
motor cortex.
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